During this workshop, participants review factors that hinder and enhance the accuracy of learner evaluations with special focus on variables that contribute to false positives, i.e., where students are judged to be competent when in reality they are actually not competent. Participants review and discuss ten "best practices" for assessing learner competence. Participants then assess the degree to which their program uses the ten evaluation best practices in their system to assess learners' performance. New strategies for assessing learner attainment of competency or desired educational objectives are reviewed and demonstrated; these include portfolios and several types of OSCEs (Objective Structured Clinical Evaluations).